In Chinese metropolitan areas, underground water-table elevation drops are a serious issue. Four hundred out of more than 660 Chinese cities are experiencing some degree of water shortage. This has been mainly due to the overuse of water supplies and almost no aquifer recharge, The lack of recharge is in part because all storm water has been drained away through pipes or through channelized river instead of percolating naturally into the ground.
A plan for the development of a new urban district, Qunli at the eastern outskirts of Haerbin City of North China, was begun in 2006. As part of the plan, some 32 million square meters of built space will be constructed in 13 to 15 years. More than 750,000 people are expected to live there. Floods and water-saturated land were frequent in the history of the area.
The design solutions include the use of simple cut-and-fill techniques to create a necklace of ponds and mounds surrounding the former wetland. While leaving a major core of the wetland untouched for natural evolution and transformation, the pond-and-mound ring surrounds the periphery of the wetland and creates a stormwater-filtering and -cleaning buffer zone for the core wetland. This also creates a welcoming landscape filter between nature and the city.
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